Do You Remember...?

I've always had a bad memory, it seems. Always. I could memorize things, no problem—that really helped on tests. But when it came to remembering that I had to take out the trash, or remembering where I'd left my pen? Utter failure. I was famous for it in my family. (I've been known to forget where I left my glasses. This is not unusual, but it once took me about five minutes of searching to realize that I was wearing them.)

That seems to be common among people with epilepsy. The UK group Epilepsy Action reports that memory problems are one of the most common reasons for people with epilepsy to seek help. (They have a great page on the subject. Have a look.) Obviously loss of consciousness during some seizures prevents you from remembering what happened, but epilepsy can also cause interference with the brain's normal memory-forming processes even in between seizures. The same unusual brain activity that can give your neurologist clues about your epilepsy when you have an EEG can interfere with memory as well. Epilepsy can make us tired, or stressed, or depressed. That doesn't help either. And if your seizures start in the temporal lobe of the brain, where your memory lives, obviously that makes things worse.

Sad man can't remember where the temporal lobe is.

Some epilepsy medications can affect your memory too. Of the five times I've changed medications, three were because I felt my memory and my thought processes going fuzzy. That really scares me, because if I don't have my memories or my thinking, what's left of me? So I fight back by switching medications.

Given that a lot of us can't do much to prevent it, how do we cope? For me, I usually forget things like "Where did I leave this?" and "What did I come here to do?" and "What errands do I have to do?" So one thing that helps me a lot is using sticky notes. Writing stuff down and leaving it every imaginable place really boosts my ability to remember.

Well, maybe not every imaginable place.

If I put something down, I also try and pause for a few seconds and say to myself, "I left my phone on the table. I left my phone on the table." Or if I go into the kitchen to get my wife a drink, I'll tell her, "I'm getting you a drink." Repeating things like that can fix them in my mind better. It doesn't completely fix things, but it does help.

For anyone who's close to someone with epilepsy, please do keep this in mind. We do listen. We try our best. But sometimes, information just leaks out. Please be patient with us. Cut us a little slack when we lose track of things. Maybe you can help us with the memory aids.

And thanks for staying by us. That's what we need most of all.

"It Could Be Worse"

When anyone is going through a hard time, it can be hard to know what to tell them. Someone gets a diagnosis of cancer, or hears that a loved one has been injured or killed in an accident - what can you say to comfort them? "I'm sorry"? "It'll be all right"? "You'll come through it"? "They're in a better place now"? What could possibly recognize the shock and the pain someone is going through, the horrible situation they've been cast into?

As an epileptic, probably the least useful such phrase I've encountered is "It could be worse." You tell someone, maybe someone close, about something that's perhaps destroying your life, or maybe only providing a series of unwanted obstacles. Their response? "Well, it could be worse".

"I had a seizure, I can't drive for the next six months."

"Oh! Well, at least you're not in the ICU. It could be worse."

Well maybe this could be worse. (Photo copyright US Navy?)

Well no, it couldn't. It COULDN'T BE WORSE DAMMIT. Thirty years ago I was in college, healthy, feeling like I could do pretty much whatever I wanted and looking forward to a life of staying that way. I was not looking forward to taking six pills a day, getting blood sucked out of my arms two or three or four times a year before mandatory doctor appointments, spending thousands of dollars a year on medication required for me just to function pseudo-normally - and let's not get into the side effects, we've done that already.

I mean, sure. I don't have the brain tumor the doctors initially feared. I'm not going into the emergency room or the intensive care unit once or twice (or more!) a year. I'm not taking four or five medications, I don't need a bed rail when I sleep, I can even drive in reasonable safety. There are loads of other people I know who are worse off than I am.

But "it could be worse"? What does that do for me? I'm not always as badly off as I think I am, but I'm not always as well as I could be either. I don't need to be babied. I don't want to be babied. But my epilepsy is real, and it has real effects on me, and I need you to get that.

Look, I get that you might not know what to say. And yes, saying something is better than saying nothing. Saying nothing at all is just cold. But you want to know what to say? Try these:

"That's rough. Need anything?"
"I hear you. Can I help?"

Just something to let me know that you sympathize, that you're listening, and that you're willing (sincerely) to be there and help out as much as you can if needed.

Life's not usually hard for me. (Like it can be for my friends Daisy and Nichole.) But it can be, and your recognition of that fact is a very basic way to help me, a way to affirm that what I'm going through isn't insignificant and harmless. Could you at least give me that much?

National Epilepsy Awareness Month

November is National Epilepsy Awareness Month in the United States. The Epilepsy Foundation of America is encouraging people to take part in awareness and fundraising events. I've convinced my workplace to do a fundraiser, and I'm going to be tweeting and Facebooking facts about epilepsy throughout the month.

Epilepsy is one of the most widespread of the "invisible illnesses"; it affects nearly 3 million people in the US, and 50 million or more worldwide. Yet research on epilepsy is drastically and chronically underfunded. Please, if you are in the US and you get a chance, consider getting involved in one of the events sponsored by the local branch of the Epilepsy Foundation. We need you and we'll be glad to have you!

Pachygyria, Heterotopia, And Other Weirdness

Do you guys know what the brain looks like?

Not this one. Although I do ask, "Gee, Brain, what do you want to do tonight?"

 It looks like a big wrinkled blob of meat:

 

Yeah, kinda gross.

Still, everything has its place and function, and the brain is really really cool when it works right. Which, of course, means that when it doesn't, things can go really wrong. Including having seizures.

If you look at the sliced-up part of the brain there, you'll see that the brain has two kinds of tissue: the inside is called the white matter and the part around the edges is called gray matter (even though it looks pink to me; maybe someone was colorblind?) The bumpy parts on the outside are called gyri and the cracks in between are called sulci. Oh, and the two halves of the brain you can see? They're connected in a few places, the most important being the corpus callosum, near the bottom of the brain right in the middle.

I couldn't find an actual picture, but this is what it looks like on an MRI.

Bear with me guys; I know you probably weren't expecting an anatomy lesson but I promise this is relevant.

The brain gets sorted into gray matter outside and white matter inside during about the fourth month of pregnancy, and the gyri and sulci develop from about the fourth to sixth month. The corpus callosum starts developing about the fifth or sixth month and continues at least through birth.

Unless of course you're me. Then things go every which way.

For nearly twenty-five years, nobody could understand why I was having seizures. Then my neurologist finally (FINALLY) said, "Let's have a high resolution MRI and see if we can figure it out."

They stuff you in this for 45 minutes. It makes a ton of noise
and magically sees inside your skull.

When the report came back, I read it before the doctor did (I worked in the radiology clinic, so I could do that :-) ) There were all kinds of words I didn't know: pachygyria, dysgenesis, heterotopia. I was a bit scared.

Basically here's what happened: Before I was born, when my brain was developing, that gray matter didn't make it all the way out to the outside of my brain where it belongs. I have big lumps of gray matter on the inside - gray matter heterotopia. Because all that gray matter is on the inside, the stuff on the outside is thinner than it's supposed to be, and my gyri are spread out wider than they should be and the sulci are shallower - that's pachygyria. Finally, it looks like my corpus callosum did not develop correctly. Go back up and look at the picture. See the bulb at the back and the hook at the front? Not there on mine.

Now most people with these conditions, as severe as mine are, have seizures early in life: as early as age 3, and almost certainly by 9 years old. My seizures didn't start until I was 20. I'm lucky there. And very lucky indeed that I didn't experience the intellectual deficits and learning disabilities people with these conditions nearly always do. My neurologist, when he saw the report from the MRI, said, "Go home and thank your parents for your good genes!" The neuroradiologist looked at the pictures, then looked at me, and said "Are you sure this is you?"

So there are a lot of worse things that could have happened to me, and I am thankful every day that they didn't. I did thank my parents for what they had passed down to me, and I have a lot more respect than I did for my brain, which somehow finds a way to function well above normal when by all rights it shouldn't even be able to get to "normal". I feel better about myself, and about my epilepsy, than I did before I knew what was going on.

About 2 out of 3 epilepsy patients, though, don't know why they have epilepsy, and never will. For you guys, I look with awe at your bravery. I really do. And so should everyone. Something terrible has happened to you, for no apparent reason, with no apparent cure, and yet you find a way to slog along through life; even to be happy and smile. You're amazing, you know? Don't forget that.

And you guys without epilepsy? You're great too. But pay attention to those around you. They may be going through more than you know.

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I want to call out my friend Daisy Robson, a fellow epilepsy blogger. She's recently been in the ICU and is still recovering from having a hideous lot of seizures. She and her mom, in particular, have really gone through hell in the last week. If you could just keep them in mind; pray for them if you pray. They could use it. Thanks!

Epilepsy And Discrimination

Have you ever had someone keep you from something you knew you could do, for no reason you could see?

People with epilepsy are often in this situation. Usually we are perfectly fine to do anything needed for an office position; we're not likely to have medical emergencies; and potential employers are required in the US, UK, and Canada to make reasonable accommodations to allow us to work.

In the US, the law covering this is the Americans with Disabilities Act. In the UK, it's the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (in Northern Ireland) and the Equality Act 2010 (everywhere else). In Canada, each province has its own laws, as well as the federal government. Which law applies depends on whether the federal government has oversight of your industry or not.

And yet. In one of my first successful job interviews, I might have just narrowly missed experiencing just this kind of discrimination. I felt uncomfortable mentioning my epilepsy; I was afraid of what a potential boss might say or think. After I'd been told I got the job, I took a deep breath. "There's something you ought to know..."

Once I got the story out, my boss gave me a look. "I wish you had told me before I hired you." What was that supposed to mean? Would I have been hired if Mary had known about it? What kinds of issues did she have with my condition? I didn't have the boldness to ask her. Perhaps I should have; but at 25 years old, having just got my first real job, I didn't want to risk it.

I'm sure I'm not the only one in the same situation. Recently, Amtrak settled a lawsuit with a job applicant who had been turned down because of his epilepsy, even though he had been cleared for work by his neurologist.

Others, like Karen Martin, have felt the need to hide their epilepsy, and have suffered discrimination once their condition is made known to their employer or co-workers.

Why does this happen?

Partly, at least, it seems to be that most people don't know a lot about epilepsy, and don't know what to do for people with epilepsy. A survey done in 2013 for  the UK's Epilepsy Society revealed that nearly 60% of adults in the UK don't feel they understand epilepsy and its effects. I can't find similar results for North America, but I wouldn't be at all surprised if the numbers are similar.

The great thing about this problem is that it's something we can handle. If the problem is mainly one of awareness, who better to spread awareness than the patients themselves? But we have to own it; we can't be afraid of our own epilepsy.

It took me almost 25 years to come to that conclusion—I'll tell you the story about that next time :-) But it's OK to have epilepsy; it really is. And the more we talk about it, the more people know and the more comfortable they'll be.

Own your epilepsy, guys. It's the best thing we can do for everyone.

So I'm Scared

I tell myself it's OK to be scared, epilepsy is a scary condition. That doesn't make it any better.

I went to my neurologist yesterday morning. I'm having side effects from my current medication, Trileptal. More so, it seems, since I've lost weight. I was definitely overweight, I needed those 20 pounds gone; but the less weight, the more I'm affected by the amount of drugs I'm taking. My last set of blood tests showed my Trileptal levels normal, but on the very high end of normal even before taking my morning meds. Usually, a reading like that indicates that there's a good reason to decrease medication levels.

At the same time, I'm still having a few breakthrough partial seizures a year. Not many - but three or four a year is way more than I'd rather have. And way more than people close to me feel happy about.

So, after discussing all the issues, the neuro and I decided to change my medication. Vimpat is a new drug on the market for partial-onset seizures like mine. I'm going to gradually move from the Trileptal to the Vimpat over the course of the next several weeks, first raising my dose of Vimpat gradually, and then (only then) decreasing or maybe even eliminating the Trileptal.

That's a frightening thought. What if I get so over-medicated I can't think straight? What if I don't respond to the Vimpat and start seizing again? What if I can't drive for six months? Or a year? I haven't had a generalized seizure in over 11 years; I don't want to break that streak. And I'm petrified. I've told you guys what having a seizure feels like. DO NOT WANT. WOULD NOT ORDER AGAIN.

Rationally, I can tell myself, "It's OK. I've done this before." I've switched from Dilantin, to Depakote, to Tegretol, to Keppra and Lamictal, to Trileptal. Each time without any noticeable problem. I even have an appointment with my neuro in 5 weeks to check on how things are going. So there's no reason to believe this time will be any different.

Unfortunately, my mind doesn't need a reason to believe anything. I walked out of the doctor's office this morning, head high, totally happy at what I'd chosen to do. Then it hit me. What was I walking into? I'm not the only one affected by my health; and even if I were, maybe this isn't something to be taken as lightly as I tend to take things.

I'm scared. I'm sure my wife is scared. She's only seen me switch medications once before. I haven't done it for over a decade. What could happen? Anything, right? Too much medication, too little medication, seizures, side effects; all irrational fears perhaps, but all very real.

You know what, though? This is part of owning my epilepsy. If I'm going to be the one in charge, I have to accept how it can make me feel. It's OK for epilepsy to scare me, it really is.

Cause I'll scare it right back.